ESI Scheme was first implemented in the State of Tamilnadu in Coimbatore and its suburbs on 23.01.1955 followed by Chennai and its suburbs in November 1955. Thereafter the scheme has progressively been extended to other industrial centers. At present the scheme is in force in 28 districts out of 30 districts in the State. the Scheme has so far not implemented in Ramnad and Villupuram districts.

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In addition to coverage under Section 2(12) of the ESI Act, the scheme was extended to the following classes of establishments / shops in the state of Tamilnadu with effect from 16.1.77 under Section 1(5) of the ESI Act.

1. Shops / Establishements employing 20 or more persons

2. Hotels and Restaurants

3. Newspaper establishments

4. Road motor Transport organisation

5. Cinemas including preview threatres.

Geographically the scheme was centrally administered for the State of Tamilnadu and Pondicherry Union terittory till 1990 by the Regional Director with a Regional Office at Chennai.

Thereafter two Sub Regional Offices were setup at Madurai and Coimbatore in April 1990 in the State of Tamilnadu. The northern and eastern districts of the State numbering 16 and UT of Pondicherry were under the control of the Regional Office at Chennai. 9 Southern Districts of the State are under the Sub Region Madurai and 3 Western Districts of the State are under Sub Region Coimbatore.

Consequent to the decision taken in the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Corporation held on 25.6.03 a separate Regional Office was formed in the UT of Pondicherry w.e.f 5.8.03. Initially the Regional Office, Pondicherry functioned at Regional Office, Chennai and moved to Pondicherry and started functioning independently in its premises from 1.12.2003.

In the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Corporation held on 17.4.2005. opening of two Sub Regional Offices viz SRO Salem and SRO, Tirunelveli by bifurcating Chennai RO and SRO. Madurai respectively was approved. The SRO Salem started functioning w.e.f. 1.7.2005 and the SRO Tirunelveli has started functioning from 18.1.2006.